SKULL ANATOMY

frontal view side view some more important sites- http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/skull/antskul.htm http://www.csuchico.edu/anth/Module/skull.html Feature Location Description angle of jaw or mandible back of jaw the corner of the jaw where the mandible body turns upwards into the ramus aveolar process maxilla, root of teeth rugosities associated with tooth development condyle of mandible top of ramus of mandible a ball-like end to the ramus of the mandible that forms a hinge with the temporal bone coronal suture top of head between frontal and parietal cranial bones one of the major joints or sutures between the plates of the frontal and parietal cranial bones external acoustic meatus between ramus of mandible and mastoid process a hole in the temporal cranial bone allowing the passage of sound to enter the inner ear ethmoid bone eye cavity a cranial bone forming part of the eye cavity forehead boss or frontal tuberosity forehead a feature of the frontal bone that forms the "bumps" in the forehead above the eyebrows frontal bone top of face (forehead) and front top of head one of the major cranial bones that forms the forehead and front top of the head; roughly covers the frontal lobes of the brain glabella center of forehead an area in the center of the forehead, between the eyebrows, that assumes various shapes on different individuals lacrimal bone inner corner of eye socket a small bone forming a cavity for the tear gland lambdoid suture back of head suture or joint between the occipital and parietal cranial bones mandible or jaw bone lower part of jaw the lower jaw bone is the only skull bone that moves, i.e., during mastication, speech, and expression; carries the lower teeth maxilla upper part of jaw the two maxillae form the center of the face with many attaching muscles; carry the upper teeth; form part of the eye orbit; act like keystones into which the other facial bones fit mastoid process lower part of temporal bone, behind ramus of jaw built up area of the lower temporal bone where important neck muscles attach mental protuberance chin boss a feature of the mandible at the lower front part of the chin which underlies part of the chin boss mental tuberosities chin boss a dual bulbous formation of the mandible that underlies part of the chin boss nasal bone nose forms the upper part of the nose and nasal bridge; the lower part of the bridge is formed of cartilage nasal concha nasal cavity formations creating part of the nasal cavity nasal spine center of nose feature of maxilla facial bone at center of nose to which septum is attached occipital bone the lower rear of the head a major cranial bone at the lower back of the head; covers occipital lobe of the brain parietal bone top and side of head a major cranial bone that froms part of the top, back, and side of the head and roughly covers the parietal lobe of the brain ramus of mandible back part of the mandible the more vertical part of the mandible sphenoid bone temple and eye orbit area a cranial bone that forms part of the eye cavity squamosal suture side of head between parietal and temporal bones one of the major joints or sutures between the parietal and temporal cranial bones supraorbial foramen upper orbit of eye a hole in the frontal bone where nerves and blood vessels pass through; forms a notch in the orbit of the eye supraorbital process eyebrows a formation of the frontal bone above the orbit of the eye, under and above the eyebrows that affects the appearance of the eyebrows temporal bone side of the head, above the ear a cranial bone on the side of the head that roughly covers the temporal lobe of the brain; it extends down behind the ear towards the jaw temporal lines front part of temple and lower part of frontal bones lines in the frontal bone around the temple volmer nasal cavity a facial bone on the centerline of the nose that forms part of the nasal cavity zygomatic bone cheek the principal cheek bone; origin of zygomatic and other facial muscles zygomatic process bones bordering zygomatic bone the temporal and maxilla bones have areas next to the zygomatic bone

Above: Frontal View. Legend: 1- Mental tubercle. 2- Body of mandible. 3- Ramus of mandible. 4- Anterior nasal spine. 5- Canine fossa. 6- Infra-orbital foramen. 7- Zygomatic-facial foramen. 8- Orbital surface of maxilla. 9- Temporal fossa. 10- Lateral surface of ethmoid. 11- Superior orbital fissure. 12- Lacrimal bone and groove. 13- Optic foramen. 14- Ethmoidal foramina. 15- Temporal line. 16- Supra-orbital notch. 17- Glabella. 18- Frontal tuberosity. 19- Superciliary arch. 20- Parietal bone. 21- Naso-frontal suture. 22- Pterion. 23- Great wing of sphenoid. 24- Orbital surface of great wing of sphenoid. 25- Squamous part of temporal. 26- Left nasal bone. 27- Zygomatic bone. 28- Inferior orbital fissure. 27- Zygomatic bone. 28- Inferior orbital fissure. 29- Zygomatic arch. 30- Apertura piriformis, displaying nasal septum and infeior and middle concha. 31- Mastoid process. 32- Incisive fossa. 33- Angle of mandible. 34- Mental foramen. 35- Symphysis menti.

Above: Lateral View. Legend: 1- Mental foramen. 2- Body of the mandible. 3- Maxilla. 4- Ramus of the mandible. 5- Zygomatic arch. 6- Styloid process. 7- External acoustic meatus. 8- Mastoid process. 9- Asterion. 10- Superior nuchal line. 11- External occipital protuberance. 12- Lambdoid suture. 13- Occipital bone. 14- Lambda. 15- Obelion. 16- Parietal bone. 17- Lower temporal line. 18- Upper temporal line. 19- Squamous temporal. 20- Bregma. 21- Coronal suture. 22- Stephanion. 23- Frontal bone. 24- Pterion. 25- Temporal fossa. 26- Great wing of sphenoid. 27- Zygomatic bone. 28- Zygomatic-facial foramen. 29- Fossa sacci lacrimalis. 30- Nasal bone. 31- Infra-orbital foramen. 32- Anterior nasal spine.

Above: Basal View of the lower surface of the cranium (mandible is removed). Legend: 1- External Occipital Crest. 2- Superior nuchal line of the occipital bone. 3- Foramen magnum. 4- Occipital condyle. 5- Mastoid notch. 6- Mastoid process. 7- External acoustic meatus. 8- Styloid process. 9- Mandibular fossa. 10- Foramen spinosum. 11- Angular spine of the sphenoid. 12- Foramen ovale. 13- Lateral pterygoid lamina. 14- Hamulus of medial pterygoid lamina. 15- Vomer. 16- Posterior nasal spine. 17- Horzontal part of palate bone. 18- Palatine process of maxilla. 19- Incisive foramen. 20- Intermaxillary suture. 21- Greater palatine foramen. 22- Zygomatic process of maxilla. 23- Inferior orbital fissure. 24- Infra-temporal fossa. 25- Zygomatic arch. 26- Left choana. 27- Pterygoid fossa. 28- Scaphoid fossa. 29- Foramen lacerum. 30- Opening of osseous part of auditory tube. 31- Carotid canal. 32- Jugular fossa. 33- Stylo-mastoid foramen. 34- Jugular process of occipital bone. 35- Groove for occipital artery. 36- Mastoid foramen. 37- Canalis condyloideus. 38- Inferior nuchal line of occipital bone. 39- External occipital protuberance. Skull from above Temporal Bone Sphenoid bone