Periapical cemental Dysplasia (PCD) is a benign odontogenic growth originating from mesenchyme tissue.
Its a localized change in normal bone metabolism that results in replacement of the component of normal cancellous bone with fibrous tissue and cementum like material,abnormal bone or a mixture of two.
Common in mandible and that in anterior teeth root apex area.
Periapical cemental dysplasia has a natural history of definite pattern, which is why it can present a variable radiographic aspect, depending on the phase where it is discovered. The first phase is called osteolithic, when there is loss of bone and substitution by connective tissue, with a radiographic appearance of localized bone destruction (radiolucence), similar to periapical lesions, such as cysts or granulomas resulting from pulp necrosis. The second phase, cementoblastic, is the beginning of the calcification in the radiolucent area of the fibrosis. In the third stage, maturation, an excessive amount of calcified material is found in the focal area.
Thus, in the first phase some confusion regarding diagnosis and treatment of the disease can occur. In despite of periapical cemental dysplasia being a well-defined condition, some patients are submitted to conventional endodontic treatment due to incorrect diagnosis of periapical cyst or granuloma. This can be avoided with the aid of vitality tests.
It is understood that this disease does not require endodontic or any kind of treatment. If the correct diagnosis is made, the only treatment needed is observation
Common in mandible and that in anterior teeth root apex area.
Periapical cemental dysplasia has a natural history of definite pattern, which is why it can present a variable radiographic aspect, depending on the phase where it is discovered. The first phase is called osteolithic, when there is loss of bone and substitution by connective tissue, with a radiographic appearance of localized bone destruction (radiolucence), similar to periapical lesions, such as cysts or granulomas resulting from pulp necrosis. The second phase, cementoblastic, is the beginning of the calcification in the radiolucent area of the fibrosis. In the third stage, maturation, an excessive amount of calcified material is found in the focal area.
Thus, in the first phase some confusion regarding diagnosis and treatment of the disease can occur. In despite of periapical cemental dysplasia being a well-defined condition, some patients are submitted to conventional endodontic treatment due to incorrect diagnosis of periapical cyst or granuloma. This can be avoided with the aid of vitality tests.
It is understood that this disease does not require endodontic or any kind of treatment. If the correct diagnosis is made, the only treatment needed is observation
No root resorption would be seen.
Buccal and lingual cortical plate expansion.
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